
"For rent" signs are increasingly appearing in shop windows. As a rule, this means only one thing: the store, cafe or hairdresser that was recently located in this space is moving out.
The business is closed. The entrepreneur is left without income. The state is left without taxes.
Why do Ukrainian entrepreneurs often decide to close their business?
The main factors of business liquidation
Entrepreneurship is a complex and risky path, and business closure can occur for a variety of reasons. While in 2020 the coronavirus pandemic was the main factor behind the bankruptcy of many businesses, in 2022 the war was the impetus for this trend. However, there are many other factors that influence business closures besides those beyond our control.
The reasons why entrepreneurs close their businesses can be divided into three categories:
- Non-financial factors, or personal reasons,
- Objective financial factors,
- Subjective financial factors.
Non-financial factors
An entrepreneur is an ordinary person whose life can be full of events. Moving to another city, a wedding, illness, maternity leave, promotion, or loss of interest in business due to a change in activities, views, etc.
"From my own observations, I can say that the main factors that force entrepreneurs to close their companies, apart from war and forced relocation, are the displacement of small businesses by big players. When small grocery stores close if, for example, an ATB opens nearby. The owner's illness, financial difficulties due to the fact that the business did not work. We were counting on a specific demand, invested money, but did not receive the necessary feedback," says Yana Rybas, Head of Sales.
Regulatory and tax barriers
For as long as private business has existed in Ukraine, there has been talk about the need to create favorable conditions for it. In reality, the constant change of the "rules of the game" often leads to the opposite results.
New requirements for entrepreneurs in terms of running and streamlining their business can also create additional risks to their existence.
Back in April 2021, a wave of discontent among sole proprietors was triggered by the government's decision to make cash registers mandatory. Some entrepreneurs were forced to close their businesses due to these changes. And in January 2022, the tax authorities obliged sole proprietors of groups II-IV of the simplified taxation system to install cash registers for any payment transactions. And starting from January 1, 2023, everyone who does business and lives in towns with a population of more than 25 thousand people must install a bank terminal.
However, using a cash register is not a reason to close a Privat24 account for business. In fact, there are many advantages to this. If an entrepreneur installs a software-based cash register, he or she will have full control over payment transactions and will not have to worry about reporting to the tax authorities - the program will set everything up by itself.
On the contrary, the cash register has become the reason for the business to move to another level of development:
- compliance with the law, which allows businesses to avoid fines and tax problems,
- The PTR has become an impetus for business automation, which means additional control over the store and delegation of routine,
- improving the accuracy of reporting: PTRs generate accurate reports on sales and payments, which simplifies the accounting process and reduces the likelihood of errors,
- control of finances: The cash register allows you to control the cash coming into the cash register and reduces the risk of theft and fraud,
Increased customer confidence: customers see everything and notice everything: if the seller does not give a receipt, it means that the store evades taxes and its obligations regarding the quality of goods, if there is a receipt, it means that the store can be trusted.
Fear of innovation
Modern business methods are impossible without the use of technology. Even if a store has its own stable offline niche, online promotion - on social media or messengers - will not be superfluous. To keep your business growing, you should monitor online trading trends and constantly analyze the needs of your target audience.
One of these trends and a prerequisite for business scaling is trade automation. Accounting programs allow you to ensure effective control over goods, finances, and staff work. And as a result, it helps to increase the efficiency of any business.
Non-financial reasons for business closures also include the lack of affordable loans for business development in Ukraine.
Objective financial factors
One of the main reasons for business closures is the financial problems faced by owners.
Declining revenues and low profitability
Businesses can close regardless of the owner's will. Common reasons:
- Falling demand due to external factors such as war, quarantine, and migration.
- Insufficient sales and low profits. If an entrepreneur cannot find buyers for their goods or services, their business cannot be profitable and financially sustainable.
- Excessive rents or lack of flexible pricing policy in crisis situations. The unwillingness of landlords to meet an entrepreneur's needs when he or she is experiencing financial difficulties, and the increase in rent for premises, on the other hand, can create unbearable conditions and lead to business liquidation.
- High concentration of business in large cities. The concentration of capital in the capital and large cities leads to uneven incomes between residents of the center and the provinces. Due to low purchasing power and low demand, entrepreneurs in small towns and rural areas are more severely affected by crises. Therefore, businesses in the provinces may find themselves on the brink of ruin much faster.
- Competition. Smaller stores are being squeezed out by larger retailers. For example, next to a grocery store that has existed in a city for years, a well-known chain opens with a huge turnover and low prices, constant promotions and discounts. As a result, the small store goes into a steady negative and closes.
Insufficient capital for business expansion
Another reason for a company's bankruptcy may be insufficient capital. It's one thing to invest in starting a business, but it's another to constantly support its operations. As a business grows, it requires more investment than at the beginning. For example, to launch a new product line, open a new store department, or expand the range of goods. If there is not enough capital, the business may become unprofitable.
Subjective financial factors
The deterioration of trade in the store can be directly related to the incompetence or insufficient efforts of the entrepreneur.
Incorrect management
The entrepreneur does not have enough experience or skills to successfully manage the business. They don't know how to properly promote their store, manage finances effectively, control company processes, or how to hire staff. This leads to an underestimation of risks and a deterioration in the financial condition of the business.
Often, beginning entrepreneurs, having received their first decent income, consider it a profit and forget about expenses.
Large investments in trade facilities, such as renovation of premises, purchase of expensive equipment, etc. can be a mistake. As a result, there is a shortage of working capital: there is not enough money to purchase the next batch of goods.
When it comes to managing business income and expenses, automation will become an indispensable assistant to an entrepreneur.
Ignorance of market conditions
Starting a business without understanding how the market works and how prices for goods are formed is a guarantee of its rapid decline.
Lack of a quality business plan
A detailed and well-thought-out business plan is one of the basic and important components of successful entrepreneurship. Its development will allow the owner to predict and take into account all possible factors that will affect the prosperity of the business. The absence of a plan is a "blind game" with a high probability of negative consequences.
"One of the main reasons is that an entrepreneur is not conscious about starting a business. He thinks that just a few actions will result in a profit. They do not take into account many nuances: that a business needs to be built by investing a lot of time and effort, that all risks must be foreseen to start their own business. It often happens that new businessmen cannot find their niche. Or they are afraid of difficulties and routine work, which can be a lot at first. Tasks become more frequent every day, but the desired profit is not visible. In addition, the manager may not be able to build relationships with the team, misallocate energy and time, fail to analyze the market and competition... That's why closing a business often seems to be the only logical step to avoid problems and increasing costs." - Natalia Kornetska, PR Manager at Torgsoft
Choosing expensive suppliers and ill-conceived logistics
Let's give an illustrative example. There are two shops on the market with similar products. The first one always has a queue, but the second one does not, because the first one sells the goods cheaper than the second one buys them. The reason is logistics. Suppliers deliver goods to the second store, and even for sale. And the owner of the first one buys the goods himself at large wholesale bases and brings them himself. It is easy to guess that with such a logistics scheme, the second entrepreneur will quickly find himself on the verge of bankruptcy.
Lack of a competent marketing policy
Insufficient business promotion, lack of advertising and marketing strategy, and ignoring modern methods of attracting customers - promotions, discounts, loyalty programs - further create conditions for business closure.
Gaps in human resources management
Employees, especially in the trade sector, play a huge role in the establishment of a business. Fatal mistakes of an entrepreneur can be as follows:
- Lack of a person who understands the process of hiring staff, i.e., an HR manager,
- hiring employees without resumes and the necessary experience in the position,
- lack of control over the actions of employees, which often leads to a negligent attitude to their duties and even sabotage,
- inability to delegate authority, because as the business grows, it is increasingly difficult for an entrepreneur to cover everything and everyone, which can lead to at least burnout and at most an imbalance in the business.
In addition, mistakes and actions of the sellers themselves can lead to negative performance indicators of the store:
- Ignorance of sales techniques, incompetence in trade,
- low motivation in work, lack of desire to develop their personal and professional qualities,
- lack of understanding of customer types and their needs, etc.
Instead of a conclusion
One friend of a Torgsoft employee, a 30-year-old entrepreneur, hasn't reached any particular heights in business yet. But he clearly knows that he wants to work for himself, not for his uncle. He had experience in small business - he sold draft beer. He went out of business. Once, in a conversation, an employee asked him: "What was the reason for the failure, perhaps too high rent, which really ate up a significant part of the income?" His answer was a firm no.
The real reason for the failure, according to the businessman, was insufficient business development, lack of a marketing plan, advertising, work with suppliers, and price experiments. Today, the entrepreneur is engaged in cargo transportation. He doesn't take too many orders, he doesn't grab stars from the sky, but he says there is growth. And he repeats again: "It all depends on me."
This real-life example illustrates an approach to business that can never be "guaranteed." Only perseverance, persistence, desire to develop and flexibility will help you achieve the desired result. If not today, then tomorrow is quite likely.
